1Â¥£º²¨Ê¿ÉÌѧ½ÌÓý
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿
¶ÔÆóÒµµÄ¹ÜÀíʵ¼ùµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇÃæ¶ÔÆóÒµµÄ¾ÓªÕߺ͹ÜÀíÕߵĽÌѧ£¬×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿ºÜÓÐʵÓüÛÖµ¡¢ºÜÊÜÆô·¢¡£Ö±µ½ÕæÕýµÄÀí½âÁË×éÖ¯ºÍ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿Ö®ºó£¬²ÅÄÜÇå³þµÄ¿´µ½£º×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧËù¹ØÐĵÄ×éÖ¯ºÍ×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíµÄÑо¿£¬ÕýÊÇÆóÒµµÄ¾Óª¹ÜÀíÕßËù¹ØÐĵÄÎÊÌ⣺
ÆóÒµ¾ÍÊÇ×éÖ¯£¬×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíÑо¿µÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÈçºÎÌá¸ß×éÖ¯µÄЧÂÊ;¶ø¾Óª¹ÜÀíÕß¹ØÐĵÄÊÇÈçºÎͨ¹ýÌá¸ß×éÖ¯µÄЧÂÊ£¬»ñÈ¡ÆóÒµÊÕÒæµÄ×î´ó»¯¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇÒÔ¹ÜÀíÖеÄÐÄÀíºÍÐÐΪ¿ÆѧÑо¿Îª³ö·¢µã£¬ÏµÍ³µÄÑо¿×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÐÄÀíºÍÐÐΪÒÔ¼°×éÖ¯ÔËÐÐÓë¹ÜÀíµÄѧ¿Æ;×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧµÄÑо¿ºÍÓ¦Óó«µ¼ÒÔÈËΪÖÐÐĵÄÏÖ´ú¹ÜÀí¹ÛÄÊÇÈËÁ¦×ÊÔ´¹ÜÀíµÄÖØÒªÀíÂÛºÍʵ¼ù»ù´¡¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÖ÷Òª¹ØÐĹÜÀíʵ¼ùÖÐÁ½¸öºËÐÄÃüÌâµÄ½â¾ö£ºÒ»ÊÇÌá¸ß¹¤×÷¼¨Ð§;¶þÊÇÌá¸ßÈËÔÚ¹¤×÷ÖеÄÂúÒâ¶È¡£
×÷ΪһÃû¹ÜÀíÕß ÎªÊ²Ã´ÒªÑ§Ï°×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ
2Â¥£ºÄäÃûÓû§
ΪÄú**ÒÔÏÂ×ÊÁÏ£¬¹©Äú²Î¿¼£º
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿¶ÔÆóÒµµÄ¹ÜÀíʵ¼ùµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇʲô£¿Ãæ¶ÔÆóÒµµÄ¾ÓªÕߺ͹ÜÀíÕߵĽÌѧ£¬Ê±³£Ìýµ½µÄ·´À¡ÊÇ£¬×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿ºÜÓÐʵÓüÛÖµ¡¢ºÜÊÜÆô·¢¡£¶Ô×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿¸øÄÇЩ¾ßÓзḻ¹ÜÀíʵս¾ÑéµÄ¹ÜÀíÕßÃÇ´øÀ´ÁËʲôÓмÛÖµµÄ¶«Î÷£¿
Ö±µ½ÎÒÃÇÕæÕýµÄÀí½âÁË×éÖ¯ºÍ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿Ö®ºó£¬²ÅÄÜÇå³þµÄ¿´µ½£º×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧËù¹ØÐĵÄ×éÖ¯ºÍ×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíµÄÑо¿£¬ÕýÊÇÆóÒµµÄ¾Óª¹ÜÀíÕßËù¹ØÐĵÄÎÊÌ⣺ÆóÒµ¾ÍÊÇ×éÖ¯£¬×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíÑо¿µÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÈçºÎÌá¸ß×éÖ¯µÄЧÂÊ£»¶ø¾Óª¹ÜÀíÕß¹ØÐĵÄÊÇÈçºÎͨ¹ýÌá¸ß×éÖ¯µÄЧÂÊ£¬»ñÈ¡ÆóÒµÊÕÒæµÄ×î´ó»¯¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ(Óֳƣº×éÖ¯ÐÐΪ¹ÜÀíѧ¡¢¹ÜÀíÐÄÀíѧ)ÊÇÒÔ¹ÜÀíÖеÄÐÄÀíºÍÐÐΪ¿ÆѧÑо¿Îª³ö·¢µã£¬ÏµÍ³µÄÑо¿×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÐÄÀíºÍÐÐΪÒÔ¼°×éÖ¯ÔËÐÐÓë¹ÜÀíµÄѧ¿Æ£»×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧµÄÑо¿ºÍÓ¦Óó«µ¼ÒÔÈËΪÖÐÐĵÄÏÖ´ú¹ÜÀí¹ÛÄÊÇÈËÁ¦×ÊÔ´¹ÜÀíµÄÖØÒªÀíÂÛºÍʵ¼ù»ù´¡¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÖ÷Òª¹ØÐĹÜÀíʵ¼ùÖÐÁ½¸öºËÐÄÃüÌâµÄ½â¾ö ¡ª¡ª Ò»ÊÇÌá¸ß¹¤×÷¼¨Ð§£»¶þÊÇÌá¸ßÈËÔÚ¹¤×÷ÖеÄÂúÒâ¶È¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧµÄÀíÂÛÑо¿ºÍʵ¼ùÓ¦ÓùØÐÄÒÔÏ·½ÃæµÄÎÊÌ⣺
Ò»¡¢ ʲôÊÇ×éÖ¯£¿ÎªÊ²Ã´ÐèÒª×éÖ¯£¿ÈçºÎ±£Ö¤×éÖ¯ÒÔ×î´óЧÂÊÔËÐУ¿
¶þ¡¢ ×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíµÄÖƶÈÉè¼ÆÊÇ×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíµÄºËÐÄ
Èý¡¢ ×éÖ¯ÎÄ»¯½¨ÉèÓë×éÖ¯±ä¸ïµÄʹÃü
ËÄ¡¢ ÈçºÎ½¨Á¢¹¤×÷ÍŶӣ¿¹¤×÷ȺÌåµÄÌØÕ÷¼°Æä¹ÜÀíÎå¡¢ ÈçºÎÀí½âºÍÓÐЧµÄ¹ÜÀí ¡ª¡ª ¸öÈË£¬ÈºÌåºÍ×éÖ¯£¿
Áù¡¢ Ô±¹¤¼¤ÀøÊÇÒ»¸ö²»ÈݻرܵÄÎÊÌâ ¡ª¡ª ÀûÒæºÍ¼¤ÀøÆß¡¢ ÈçºÎ³ÉΪ×éÖ¯ÖÐÓÅÐãµÄ¹ÜÀíÕߣ¿ÈçºÎÓÐЧµÄÀûÓùÜÀíµÄȨÁ¦£¿
°Ë¡¢ ÈçºÎ¼õ»ºÔ±¹¤µÄ¹¤×÷ѹÁ¦
¾Å¡¢ ÈçºÎ°ïÖúÔ±¹¤Íê³ÉÆäÖ°ÒµÉúÑĹ滮ºÍÖ°Òµ·¢Õ¹
3Â¥£ºÁ¹ÄîÈô™Ñ»¨Ñýæ¬
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿¶ÔÆóÒµµÄ¹ÜÀíʵ¼ùµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇÃæ¶ÔÆóÒµµÄ¾ÓªÕߺ͹ÜÀíÕߵĽÌѧ£¬×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿ºÜÓÐʵÓüÛÖµ¡¢ºÜÊÜÆô·¢¡£Ö±µ½ÕæÕýµÄÀí½âÁË×éÖ¯ºÍ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄÑо¿Ö®ºó£¬²ÅÄÜÇå³þµÄ¿´µ½£º×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧËù¹ØÐĵÄ×éÖ¯ºÍ×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíµÄÑо¿£¬ÕýÊÇÆóÒµµÄ¾Óª¹ÜÀíÕßËù¹ØÐĵÄÎÊÌ⣺
ÆóÒµ¾ÍÊÇ×éÖ¯£¬×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíÑо¿µÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÈçºÎÌá¸ß×éÖ¯µÄЧÂÊ£»¶ø¾Óª¹ÜÀíÕß¹ØÐĵÄÊÇÈçºÎͨ¹ýÌá¸ß×éÖ¯µÄЧÂÊ£¬»ñÈ¡ÆóÒµÊÕÒæµÄ×î´ó»¯¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇÒÔ¹ÜÀíÖеÄÐÄÀíºÍÐÐΪ¿ÆѧÑо¿Îª³ö·¢µã£¬ÏµÍ³µÄÑо¿×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÐÄÀíºÍÐÐΪÒÔ¼°×éÖ¯ÔËÐÐÓë¹ÜÀíµÄѧ¿Æ£»×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧµÄÑо¿ºÍÓ¦Óó«µ¼ÒÔÈËΪÖÐÐĵÄÏÖ´ú¹ÜÀí¹ÛÄÊÇÈËÁ¦×ÊÔ´¹ÜÀíµÄÖØÒªÀíÂÛºÍʵ¼ù»ù´¡¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÖ÷Òª¹ØÐĹÜÀíʵ¼ùÖÐÁ½¸öºËÐÄÃüÌâµÄ½â¾ö ¡ª¡ª Ò»ÊÇÌá¸ß¹¤×÷¼¨Ð§£»¶þÊÇÌá¸ßÈËÔÚ¹¤×÷ÖеÄÂúÒâ¶È¡£
ѧ¹ý×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ¶Ô¹ÜÀíѧµÄÒâÒå
4Â¥£º°¥Ó´
ʹËûÈËͬ×Ô¼ºÒ»Æð¸ßЧÂʵØʵÏּȶ¨Ä¿±êµÄ»î¶¯¹ý³Ì¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧΪÔÚ¹ÜÀí¿Æѧ·¢Õ¹µÄ»ù´¡ÉϲúÉúºÍ·¢Õ¹ÆðÀ´µÄ¡£¹ÜÀíÊÇÈËÀàÉç»áµÄÓÀºãÖ÷Ì⣬ËüÊÇÈËÀàÉç»áÓÐÐò·¢Õ¹×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊé¼®µÄÍƶ¯Á¦¡£¹ÜÀíÊǹÜÀíÕßÔËÓÃÒ»¶¨µÄÖ°ÄܺÍÊÖ¶Îе÷ËûÈ˵Ļ£¬Ê¹ËûÈËͬ×Ô¼ºÒ»Æð¸ßЧÂʵØʵÏּȶ¨Ä¿±êµÄ»î¶¯¹ý³Ì¡£
ÈËΪ¹ÜÀíµÄÖ÷Ì壬ҲΪ¹ÜÀíµÄ¶ÔÏó£¬Ñо¿È˵ÄÐÐΪ¹æÂɱã³ÉΪ¹ÜÀíѧµÄÖØÒªÄÚÈÝ¡£Éç»áµÄ½ø²½´Ùʹ×éÖ¯ÖеĹÜÀíÕß±ØÐëÖØÊÓ¶ÔÈ˵ĹÜÀí£¬×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíѧ¡¢ÈËʹÜÀíѧÕâЩ¹ÜÀíѧµÄ·ÖÖ§Ô½À´Ô½ÏÔʾ³öÔÚ¹ÜÀíÌåϵÖеĵØ룬×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ¾ÍÊÇÔÚ´Ë»ù´¡ÉϲúÉúºÍ·¢Õ¹ÆðÀ´µÄ¡£
5Â¥£ºÄäÃûÓû§
1¡¢Éî¿ÌÌå»á¹ÜÀíѧµÄÓëʱ¾ã½ø£¬
2¡¢¹ÜÀíѧµÄÃæ¸ü¿í£¬ÍØÕ¹¹ÜÀíµÄ·¶Î§¡£¼³È¡Ð¿Ƽ¼³É¹û
6Â¥£º±¦±¦µ¤Èº
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ£¨***anizational behavioral science £©Ëùν×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇÑо¿ÔÚ×éÖ¯ÖÐÒÔ¼°×éÖ¯Óë»·¾³Ï໥×÷ÓÃÖУ¬ÈËÃÇ´Óʹ¤×÷µÄÐÄÀí»î¶¯ºÍÐÐΪµÄ·´Ó¦¹æÂÉÐԵĿÆѧ¡£×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ×ÛºÏÔËÓÃÁËÐÄÀíѧ¡¢Éç»áѧ¡¢ÎÄ»¯ÈËÀàѧ¡¢ÉúÀíѧ¡¢ÉúÎïѧ£¬»¹Óо¼Ãѧ¡¢ÕþÖÎѧµÈѧ¿ÆÓйØÈ˵ÄÐÐΪµÄ֪ʶÓëÀíÂÛ£¬À´Ñо¿Ò»¶¨×éÖ¯ÖеÄÈ˵ÄÐÐΪ¹æÂÉ¡£
ѧºÃÁË×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ¾ÍÄÜÕÆÎÕ×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÐÐΪ¹æÂÉ£¬·ÖÎö×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÌص㣬ÓÐÖúÓÚ¸üºÃµØ½øÐйÜÀí¡£¹ÜÀíѧÖÐ×îÖØÒªµÄÊǽ²¾¿ÈçºÎ¹ÜÀíºÃ×éÖ¯ÖеÄÈË¡£
7Â¥£ºÄäÃûÓû§
·ÖÎö×éÖ¯ÖиöÈ˵ÄÐèÇó£¬ÒÔ¼°×éÖ¯ÐÐΪµÄ×éÖ¯¡¢¼¤Àø£¬×éÖ¯ÎÄ»¯¡¢×éÖ¯½á¹¹µÈ
8Â¥£ºÁõÓêçù
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇÔÚ¹ÜÀí¿Æѧ·¢Õ¹µÄ»ù´¡ÉϲúÉúºÍ·¢Õ¹ÆðÀ´µÄ¡£¹ÜÀíÊÇÈËÀàÉç»á
µÄÓÀºãÖ÷Ì⣬ËüÊÇÈËÀàÉç»áÓÐÐò·¢Õ¹×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊé¼®µÄÍƶ¯Á¦¡£¹ÜÀíÊǹÜÀíÕßÔËÓÃÒ»¶¨µÄÖ°ÄܺÍÊÖ¶Îе÷ËûÈ˵Ļ£¬Ê¹ËûÈËͬ×Ô¼ºÒ»Æð¸ßЧÂʵØʵÏּȶ¨Ä¿±êµÄ»î¶¯¹ý³Ì¡£
9Â¥£º½¨Öþʦ
ÒªÓкõĹÜÀí±ØÐëÒªÓÐÓÅÐãµÄ×éÖ¯ÄÜÁ¦
ѧϰ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÓкÎÖØÒªÒâÒåºÍ×÷ÓÃ
10Â¥£ºÍðÈôÇåÑï
Ëùν×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇÑо¿ÔÚ×éÖ¯ÖÐÒÔ¼°×éÖ¯Óë»·¾³Ï໥×÷ÓÃÖУ¬ÈËÃÇ´Óʹ¤×÷µÄÐÄÀí»î¶¯ºÍÐÐΪµÄ·´Ó¦¹æÂÉÐԵĿÆѧ¡£
´Ó¹ÜÀíÓ¦Ó÷½ÃæÀ´¶¨Ò壬×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇÑо¿×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÐÄÀíºÍÐÐΪ±íÏÖ¼°Æä¿Í¹Û¹æÂÉ£¬Ìá¸ß¹ÜÀíÈËÔ±**¡¢Òýµ¼ºÍ¿ØÖÆÈ˵ÄÐÐΪµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬ÒÔʵÏÖ×éÖ¯¼È¶¨Ä¿±êµÄ¿Æѧ¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇÒ»ÃŶàѧ¿Æ¡¢¶à²ã´ÎÏཻ²æµÄ±ßÔµÐÔѧ¿Æ£¬ÓÖÊǾßÓÐÁ½ÖØÐÔºÍÓ¦ÓÃÐÔµÄѧ¿Æ¡££¨1£©±ßÔµÐÔ±íÏÖΪ¶àѧ¿ÆÏཻ²æÐԺͶà²ã´ÎÏཻÇÐÐÔ£»
£¨2£©Á½ÖØÐÔ±íÏÖΪ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ¼È¾ßÓÐ×ÔÈ»ÊôÐÔ£¬ÓÖ¾ßÓÐÉç»áÊôÐÔ£»
£¨3£©Ó¦ÓÃÐÔ±íÏÖΪ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÑо¿µÄÖ±½ÓÄ¿µÄÔÚÓÚÁªÏµ×éÖ¯¹ÜÀíÕß¹¤×÷ʵ¼Ê£¬Ìá¸ßÆ乤×÷ÄÜÁ¦£¬Ìá¸ß×éÖ¯µÄ¹¤×÷¼¨Ð§¡£
×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ×ÛºÏÔËÓÃÁËÐÄÀíѧ¡¢Éç»áѧ¡¢ÎÄ»¯ÈËÀàѧ¡¢ÉúÀíѧ¡¢ÉúÎïѧ£¬»¹Óо¼Ãѧ¡¢ÕþÖÎѧµÈѧ¿ÆÓйØÈ˵ÄÐÐΪµÄ֪ʶÓëÀíÂÛ£¬À´Ñо¿Ò»¶¨×éÖ¯ÖеÄÈ˵ÄÐÐΪ¹æÂÉ¡£
11Â¥£º¿¼ÔªÐÞÅÓÉÑ
ʲôÊÇ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ£¿Ñо¿ºÍѧϰ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÓкÎÖØÒªÒâÒ壿
´ð£º×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇ×ÛºÏÔËÓÃÓëÈËÓйصĸ÷ÖÖ֪ʶ£¬²ÉÓÃϵͳ·ÖÎöµÄ·½·¨£¬Ñо¿Ò»¶¨×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÐÐΪ¹æÂÉ£¬´Ó¶øÌá¸ß¸÷¼¶Ö÷¹ÜÈËÔ±¶ÔÈ˵ÄÐÐΪµÄ**ºÍÒýµ¼ÄÜÁ¦£¬ÒÔ±ã¸üÓÐЧµØʵÏÖ×é֯Ŀ±êµÄÒ»ÃÅ¿Æѧ¡£
¼ÓÇ¿×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧµÄÑо¿ºÍÓ¦Ó㬶ÔÓڸĽø¹ÜÀí¹¤×÷ºÍÌá¸ß¹ÜÀíˮƽ£¬¶ÔÓÚÅàÑøºÍÑ¡°Î¸÷¼¶¹ÜÀíÈ˲ţ¬¸Ä½øÁìµ¼×÷·çºÍÌá¸ßÁ쵼ˮƽ£¬¶ÔÓÚÌá¸ß¹¤×÷¼¨Ð§£¬¶ÔÓڸĽø¸ÉȺ¹Øϵ£¬µ÷¶¯¹ã´óÖ°¹¤ÈºÖڵĻý¼«ÐÔ¡¢Ö÷¶¯ÐԺʹ´ÔìÐÔ£¬ÔöÇ¿ÆóÒµÊÂÒµµ¥Î»µÄ»îÁ¦ºÍÌá¸ßÉç»áÉú²úÁ¦£¬¶¼¾ßÓÐÖØÒªµÄÒâÒ壺
£¨1£©ÓÐÖúÓÚ¼ÓÇ¿ÒÔÈËΪÖÐÐĵĹÜÀí£¬³ä·Öµ÷¶¯È˵Ļý¼«ÐÔ¡¢Ö÷¶¯ÐԺʹ´ÔìÐÔ£¨2£©ÓÐÖúÓÚÖªÈËÉÆÈΣ¬ºÏÀíµØʹÓÃÈ˲Å
£¨3£©ÓÐÖúÓÚ¸ÄÉÆÈ˼ʹØϵ£¬ÔöǿȺÌåµÄºÏÀíÄý¾ÛÁ¦ºÍÏòÐÄÁ¦£¬´Ù½øÉç»áµÄºÍг·¢Õ¹
£¨4£©ÓÐÖúÓÚÌá¸ßÁ쵼ˮƽ£¬¸ÄÉÆÁìµ¼Õߺͱ»Áìµ¼ÕߵĹØϵ£¨5£©ÓÐÖúÓÚ×éÖ¯±ä¸ïºÍ×éÖ¯·¢Õ¹
ʲôÊÇ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ£¿Ñо¿ºÍѧϰ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÓкÎÖØÒªÒâÒå
12Â¥£ºÄäÃûÓû§
ʲôÊÇ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ£¿Ñо¿ºÍѧϰ×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÓкÎÖØÒªÒâÒ壿
´ð£º×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇ×ÛºÏÔËÓÃÓëÈËÓйصĸ÷ÖÖ֪ʶ£¬²ÉÓÃϵͳ·ÖÎöµÄ·½·¨£¬Ñо¿Ò»¶¨×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÐÐΪ¹æÂÉ£¬´Ó¶øÌá¸ß¸÷¼¶Ö÷¹ÜÈËÔ±¶ÔÈ˵ÄÐÐΪµÄ**ºÍÒýµ¼ÄÜÁ¦£¬ÒÔ±ã¸üÓÐЧµØʵÏÖ×é֯Ŀ±êµÄÒ»ÃÅ¿Æѧ¡£
¼ÓÇ¿×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧµÄÑо¿ºÍÓ¦Ó㬶ÔÓڸĽø¹ÜÀí¹¤×÷ºÍÌá¸ß¹ÜÀíˮƽ£¬¶ÔÓÚÅàÑøºÍÑ¡°Î¸÷¼¶¹ÜÀíÈ˲ţ¬¸Ä½øÁìµ¼×÷·çºÍÌá¸ßÁ쵼ˮƽ£¬¶ÔÓÚÌá¸ß¹¤×÷¼¨Ð§£¬¶ÔÓڸĽø¸ÉȺ¹Øϵ£¬µ÷¶¯¹ã´óÖ°¹¤ÈºÖڵĻý¼«ÐÔ¡¢Ö÷¶¯ÐԺʹ´ÔìÐÔ£¬ÔöÇ¿ÆóÒµÊÂÒµµ¥Î»µÄ»îÁ¦ºÍÌá¸ßÉç»áÉú²úÁ¦£¬¶¼¾ßÓÐÖØÒªµÄÒâÒ壺
£¨1£©ÓÐÖúÓÚ¼ÓÇ¿ÒÔÈËΪÖÐÐĵĹÜÀí£¬³ä·Öµ÷¶¯È˵Ļý¼«ÐÔ¡¢Ö÷¶¯ÐԺʹ´ÔìÐÔ £¨2£©ÓÐÖúÓÚÖªÈËÉÆÈΣ¬ºÏÀíµØʹÓÃÈ˲Å
£¨3£©ÓÐÖúÓÚ¸ÄÉÆÈ˼ʹØϵ£¬ÔöǿȺÌåµÄºÏÀíÄý¾ÛÁ¦ºÍÏòÐÄÁ¦£¬´Ù½øÉç»áµÄºÍг·¢Õ¹ £¨4£©ÓÐÖúÓÚÌá¸ßÁ쵼ˮƽ£¬¸ÄÉÆÁìµ¼Õߺͱ»Áìµ¼ÕߵĹØϵ £¨5£©ÓÐÖúÓÚ×éÖ¯±ä¸ïºÍ×éÖ¯·¢Õ¹
´Ó¹ÜÀíÕߵĽÇÉ«ºÍ¼¼ÄÜÁ½¸ö½Ç¶È¿´£¬Ñ§Ï°×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÓÐÄÄЩÒâÒå
13Â¥£ºº£ÒÝÔÚ·ÉÏ
**ѧ˵¶¨Òå¡£×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧ×ÛºÏÔËÓÃÁËÐÄÀíѧ¡¢Éç»áѧ¡¢ÎÄ»¯ÈËÀàѧ¡¢ÉúÀíѧ¡¢ÉúÎïѧ£¬»¹Óо¼Ãѧ¡¢ÕþÖÎѧµÈѧ¿ÆÓйØÈ˵ÄÐÐΪµÄ֪ʶÓëÀíÂÛ£¬À´Ñо¿Ò»¶¨×éÖ¯ÖеÄÈ˵ÄÐÐΪ¹æÂÉ¡£×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÊÇÑо¿×éÖ¯ÖÐÈ˵ÄÐÄÀíºÍÐÐΪ±íÏÖ¼°Æä¿Í¹Û¹æÂÉ£¬Ìá¸ß¹ÜÀíÈËÔ±**¡¢Òýµ¼ºÍ¿ØÖÆÈ˵ÄÐÐΪµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬ÒÔʵÏÖ×éÖ¯¼È¶¨Ä¿±êµÄ¿Æѧ¡£
̸̸´Ó¹ÜÀíÕß½ÇÉ«ºÍ¼¼ÄÜÁ½¸ö½Ç¶È,¶Ô×éÖ¯ÐÐΪѧÓÐÄÄЩÒâÒå
14Â¥£º
²»ÕýÈ·£¬ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ¡£¹ÜÀíÕßѧϰÌá¸ßÁË£¬Ô±¹¤Ã»ÓÐÌá¸ßËû²»ÄÜÀí½âºÍÖ§³ÖÉϼ¶ËùÖ¸ÅɵŤ×÷£¬ÒòΪ²»¶®°¡£¬²»ÄÜÐγÉ˼ά¹²Í¬Ìå